HARMONISASI HUKUM WARIS ISLAM DENGAN KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA: KAJIAN NORMATIF-YURIDIS ATAS KETENTUAN AL-QUR'AN, TRADISI FIKIH KLASIK, DAN INOVASIADAPTIF KHI

Abstract

Islamic inheritance law (fiqh mawaris) constitutes one of the most comprehensively regulated domains in Islamic jurisprudence, governing the transfer of a deceased person's estate to rightful heirs according to divine prescription. In Indonesia the world's largest Muslim-majority nation this body of law occupies a dual position: as a normative religious obligation and as a component of national positive law through the Compilation of Islamic Law (Kompilasi Hukum Islam/KHI), enacted by Presidential Instruction No. 1 of 1991. While prior studies have examined partial aspects of Islamic inheritance in Indonesia, few have comprehensively analysed the tension between classical fiqh doctrine and the KHI's adaptive innovations within a single normative framework a gap this article addresses. Employing a normative-juridical, library-based methodology, the study analyses the Quranic bases (primarily Surah al-Nisa': 7, 11, 12, and 176), prophetic traditions, scholarly consensus (ijma'), and independent legal reasoning (ijtihad) that collectively constitute the legal architecture of Islamic succession. The article further explores heir classification (dzawil furudh and ashabah), the asal masalah calculation mechanism, and the Religious Court's adjudicatory role. Special attention is given to contested issues: inheritance across religious lines, adopted children's legal status, compulsory bequest (wasiat wajibah), substitute heirs, and the intersection of Islamic, customary, and civil law. The findings reveal that while the KHI successfully codifies classical norms, it introduces adaptive innovations most notably wasiat wajibah and substitute heir provisions reflecting ongoing harmonisation between religious doctrine and Indonesian socio-legal realities.