STRATEGIC CADRE MANAGEMENT AS A LEADERSHIP INCUBATOR:A QUALITATIVE CASE STUDY OF IPNU–IPPNU IN INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24260/mraews48Keywords:
Human Resource Management; Cadre Development; Leadership; IPNU-IPPNU; Cadre Development Strategy.Abstract
Purpose: This study examines how human resource management (HRM) strategies are used to strengthen the leadership capabilities of cadres in the sub-district branch board (PAC) of IPNU–IPPNU, the Nahdlatul Ulama student and youth organisations, in Buaran District, Pekalongan Regency, Indonesia, and how these strategies shape cadre engagement. Design/methodology/approach: A descriptive qualitative case study was conducted. Data were gathered through interviews with the chairs, members and alumni administrators, observation, and organisational documents, and were analysed with the Miles–Huberman–Saldaña interactive model. Findings: HRM operates through three linked stages (strategy formulation, implementation and evaluation) embodied in a tiered pathway of MAKESTA, LAKMUD and DIKLATAMA, closed by follow-up plans (RTL) and monthly meetings. Recruitment, interview-based selection and placement, four forms of training (skill, retraining, cross-functional and creativity training) and reward–sanction mechanisms convert membership into leadership practice. A shift from quantity to quality coincided with a decline in cadres from about 90 to 48, while administrators rose from about 120 to 140. Cadres reported higher motivation, enthusiasm, leadership skills and belonging, although participation remained uneven. The study proposes the Sustainable Cadre Management Cycle for Leadership (SCMC), an eight-stage model. Research limitations/implications: The single-case design and reliance on self-reported accounts limit generalisation; the four propositions advanced here require comparative and mixed-method testing. Practical implications: Youth organisations can treat every programme as a leadership laboratory by sequencing training, delegated responsibility, follow-up and participation monitoring. Originality/value: The study integrates cadre management and leadership development into one cycle grounded in an under-researched faith-based youth organisation.
References
Albrecht, S. L., Green, C. R., & Marty, A. (2021). Meaningful work, job resources, and employee engagement. Sustainability, 13(7), 4045. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13074045
Allen, K.-A., Kern, M. L., Rozek, C. S., McInerney, D. M., & Slavich, G. M. (2021). Belonging: A review of conceptual issues, an integrative framework, and directions for future research. Australian Journal of Psychology, 73(1), 87–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1883409
Argote, L., Lee, S., & Park, J. (2021). Organizational learning processes and outcomes: Major findings and future research directions. Management Science, 67(9), 5399–5429. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.3693
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Sanz-Vergel, A. (2023). Job demands–resources theory: Ten years later. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10, 25–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-053933
Baluch, A. M., & Ridder, H.-G. (2021). Mapping the research landscape of strategic human resource management in nonprofit organizations: A systematic review and avenues for future research. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 50(3), 598–625. https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764020939653
Barhate, B., & Dirani, K. M. (2022). Career aspirations of generation Z: A systematic literature review. European Journal of Training and Development, 46(1/2), 139–157. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-07-2020-0124
Bos-Nehles, A., Townsend, K., Cafferkey, K., & Trullen, J. (2023). Examining the ability, motivation and opportunity (AMO) framework in HRM research: Conceptualization, measurement and interactions. International Journal of Management Reviews, 25(4), 725–739. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12332
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). One size fits all? What counts as quality practice in (reflexive) thematic analysis? Qualitative Research in Psychology, 18(3), 328–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2020.1769238
Budhwar, P., Chowdhury, S., Wood, G., Aguinis, H., Bamber, G. J., Beltran, J. R., Boselie, P., Lee Cooke, F., Decker, S., DeNisi, A., Dey, P. K., Guest, D., Knoblich, A. J., Malik, A., Paauwe, J., Papagiannidis, S., Patel, C., Pereira, V., Ren, S., … Varma, A. (2023). Human resource management in the age of generative artificial intelligence: Perspectives and research directions on ChatGPT. Human Resource Management Journal, 33(3), 606–659. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12524
Camelia, Z., & Pujianto, W. E. (2024). Analisis gaya kepemimpinan dalam peningkatan kinerja organisasi IPNU IPPNU Desa Kedungboto. Jurnal Publikasi Ilmu Manajemen, 3(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.55606/jupiman.v3i1.3279
Collings, D. G., McMackin, J., Nyberg, A. J., & Wright, P. M. (2021). Strategic human resource management and COVID-19: Emerging challenges and research opportunities. Journal of Management Studies, 58(5), 1378–1382. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12695
Collings, D. G., Nyberg, A. J., Wright, P. M., & McMackin, J. (2021). Leading through paradox in a COVID-19 world: Human resources comes of age. Human Resource Management Journal, 31(4), 819–833. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12343
Cooke, F. L., Dickmann, M., & Parry, E. (2022). Building sustainable societies through human-centred human resource management: Emerging issues and research opportunities. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 33(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2021.1996917
Day, D. V., Riggio, R. E., Tan, S. J., & Conger, J. A. (2021). Advancing the science of 21st-century leadership development: Theory, research, and practice. The Leadership Quarterly, 32(5), 101557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2021.101557
Edmondson, A. C., & Bransby, D. P. (2023). Psychological safety comes of age: Observed themes in an established literature. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10, 55–78. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-055217
Gabrielova, K., & Buchko, A. A. (2021). Here comes Generation Z: Millennials as managers. Business Horizons, 64(4), 489–499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2021.02.013
Gagné, M., Parker, S. K., Griffin, M. A., Dunlop, P. D., Knight, C., Klonek, F. E., & Parent-Rhéaume, X. (2022). Understanding and shaping the future of work with self-determination theory. Nature Reviews Psychology, 1(7), 378–392. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44159-022-00056-w
Guest, D. E., Sanders, K., Rodrigues, R., & Oliveira, T. (2021). Signalling theory as a framework for analysing human resource management processes and integrating human resource attributions: A critical review and future research agenda. Human Resource Management Journal, 31(3), 796–818. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12341
Hamouche, S. (2023). Human resource management and the COVID-19 crisis: Implications, challenges, opportunities, and future organizational directions. Journal of Management & Organization, 29(5), 799–814. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2021.15
Hanna, A. A., Smith, T. A., Kirkman, B. L., & Griffin, R. W. (2021). The emergence of emergent leadership: A comprehensive framework and directions for future research. Journal of Management, 47(1), 76–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206320965683
Haslam, S. A., Steffens, N. K., Reicher, S. D., & Bentley, S. V. (2021). Identity leadership in a crisis: A 5R framework for learning from responses to COVID-19. Social Issues and Policy Review, 15(1), 35–83. https://doi.org/10.1111/sipr.12075
Hennink, M., & Kaiser, B. N. (2022). Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests. Social Science & Medicine, 292, 114523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114523
Hillmann, J., & Guenther, E. (2021). Organizational resilience: A valuable construct for management research? International Journal of Management Reviews, 23(1), 7–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12239
Keiser, N. L., & Arthur, W., Jr. (2021). A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of the after-action review (or debrief) and factors that influence its effectiveness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 106(7), 1007–1032. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000821
Kong, Y. (2021). The role of experiential learning on students’ motivation and classroom engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 771272. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.771272
Kramar, R. (2022). Sustainable human resource management: Six defining characteristics. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 60(1), 146–170. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12321
Kristof-Brown, A. L., Schneider, B., & Su, R. (2023). Person-organization fit theory and research: Conundrums, conclusions, and calls to action. Personnel Psychology, 76(2), 375–412. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12581
Legood, A., van der Werff, L., Lee, A., den Hartog, D., & van Knippenberg, D. (2023). A critical review of the conceptualization, operationalization, and empirical literature on cognition-based and affect-based trust. Journal of Management Studies, 60(2), 495–537. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12811
Lerner, R. M., Lerner, J. V., Murry, V. M., Smith, E. P., Bowers, E. P., Geldhof, G. J., & Buckingham, M. H. (2021). Positive youth development in 2020: Theory, research, programs, and the promotion of social justice. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 31(4), 1114–1134. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12609
Meijerink, J., Boons, M., Keegan, A., & Marler, J. (2021). Algorithmic human resource management: Synthesizing developments and cross-disciplinary insights on digital HRM. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(12), 2545–2562. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2021.1925326
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Morrison, E. W. (2023). Employee voice and silence: Taking stock a decade later. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10, 79–107. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-054654
Muna, M. H., & Sukirno. (2025). Manajemen Pimpinan Anak Cabang (PAC) IPNU-IPPNU Kecamatan Ngronggot dalam mengembangkan kapabilitas organisasi. Ilmiah Dakwah: Jurnal Manajemen Dakwah, 13(1). https://ejurnal.iaipd-nganjuk.ac.id/index.php/id/article/view/1784
Murad, M. F., & Subahri, B. (2026). Strategi pengkaderan IPNU IPPNU Kabupaten Lumajang dalam menghadapi disrupsi digital dan tantangan Generasi Z. Journal of Science and Social Research, 1, 259–264. http://jurnal.goretanpena.com/index.php/JSSR
Musfiroh, A., Haryanti, P., Sopingi, I., Hidayati, A., Yuni K., K. C., & Falah, F. (2025). Program penguatan soft skill kader melalui pelatihan manajemen konflik di PAC IPNU-IPPNU Babat: Sebuah pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Dinamis: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 5(1), 134–143. https://doi.org/10.33752/dinamis.v5i1.9262
Naeem, M., Ozuem, W., Howell, K., & Ranfagni, S. (2023). A step-by-step process of thematic analysis to develop a conceptual model in qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 22, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231205789
Oc, B., Chintakananda, K., Bashshur, M. R., & Day, D. V. (2023). The study of followers in leadership research: A systematic and critical review. The Leadership Quarterly, 34(1), 101674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2022.101674
Panggo, H. D., Yazid, S. M., Anam, R. K., Amamah, K. K., & Amaludin, A. (2026). Peran manajemen SDM sebagai penggerak inovasi digital di lingkungan IPNU IPPNU Purbalingga. GREAT: Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis Islam, 3(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.61111/great.v3i1.1134
Parker, S. K., & Grote, G. (2022). Automation, algorithms, and beyond: Why work design matters more than ever in a digital world. Applied Psychology, 71(4), 1171–1204. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12241
Pichler, S., Kohli, C., & Granitz, N. (2021). DITTO for Gen Z: A framework for leveraging the uniqueness of the new generation. Business Horizons, 64(5), 599–610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2021.02.021
Pratt, M. G., Sonenshein, S., & Feldman, M. S. (2022). Moving beyond templates: A bricolage approach to conducting trustworthy qualitative research. Organizational Research Methods, 25(2), 211–238. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428120927466
Ryan, R. M., Duineveld, J. J., Di Domenico, S. I., Ryan, W. S., Steward, B. A., & Bradshaw, E. L. (2022). We know this much is (meta-analytically) true: A meta-review of meta-analytic findings evaluating self-determination theory. Psychological Bulletin, 148(11–12), 813–842. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000385
Sackett, P. R., Zhang, C., Berry, C. M., & Lievens, F. (2022). Revisiting meta-analytic estimates of validity in personnel selection: Addressing systematic overcorrection for restriction of range. Journal of Applied Psychology, 107(11), 2040–2068. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000994
Saks, A. M. (2022). Caring human resources management and employee engagement. Human Resource Management Review, 32(3), 100835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100835
Setiawan, Y., Mahbub, I. A., Zaini, M. N., & Irawan, A. P. (2025). Pelatihan leadership dasar sebagai upaya meningkatkan kapasitas kader IPNU-IPPNU Ranting Desa Joho Kecamatan Semen Kabupaten Kediri. Jurnal Abdimas Al Hidayah, 3(1), 31–39. https://www.ejournal.staihitkediri.ac.id/index.php/alhidayah/article/view/158
Sumarno. (2025). Pendampingan manajemen organisasi kepanduan Hizbul Wathan dalam meningkatkan tata kelola organisasi Kwartir Daerah Kabupaten Ngawi Tahun 2025. Journal J-MPI: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, Penelitian dan Kajian Keislaman, 4(1), 110–128. https://www.ejournal.stitmuhngawi.ac.id/index.php/J-MPI/index
Tigre, F. B., Curado, C., & Henriques, P. L. (2023). Digital leadership: A bibliometric analysis. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 30(1), 40–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/15480518221123132
Van den Broeck, A., Howard, J. L., Van Vaerenbergh, Y., Leroy, H., & Gagné, M. (2021). Beyond intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: A meta-analysis on self-determination theory’s multidimensional conceptualization of work motivation. Organizational Psychology Review, 11(3), 240–273. https://doi.org/10.1177/20413866211006173
Yudanto, Y. H., Sutresna, I., & Ridwan, H. (2025). Analisis proses manajemen kaderisasi intra kampus dalam pembentukan karakter kepemimpinan mahasiswa keperawatan. Jurnal Pustaka Keperawatan, 4(2), 394–402. https://doi.org/10.55382/jurnalpustakakeperawatan.v4i2.1535
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Imam Fatkhullah, Cecep Castrawijaya, Khaeron Sirin, Muammar Aditya, Aisa Tago Ibra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
