Fiqh al-Muʾassasāt in Contemporary Muslim Society: A Socio-Political Analysis of the Establishment of Indonesia’s Ministry of Hajj

Authors

  • M. Rizal Qosim UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • Dwi Surya Atmaja IAIN Pontianak, Pontianak, Indonesia
  • Prihantono IAIN Pontianak, Pontianak, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3424-031X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24260/jil.v7i1.5947

Keywords:

Fiqh al-Muʾassasāt, Governmentality, Indonesia, Istiṭāʿah, Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, Ministry of Hajj

Abstract

The Ministry of Hajj was formally established as a governmental institution in Indonesia in September 2025, prompting critical inquiries and ongoing debates among the country’s Muslim community. Employing the theoretical lenses of governmentality and the maqāṣid al-sharīʿah (the higher objectives of Islamic law) framework, this study investigates the bureaucratization of the religious pilgrimage as articulated by the state within the broader context of governance and contemporary power structures. This institutionalization process simultaneously intensifies administrative oversight of religious practices, thereby generating tensions between normative protections and the rationalities characteristic of modern power. Through a qualitative socio-political analysis, the findings reveal that the hajj pilgrimage cannot be understood solely as an individual religious obligation; rather, it constitutes a state-led institutional project aimed at protecting pilgrims and promoting public welfare. In this capacity, the Ministry of Hajj operates as a maqāṣid agent, safeguarding pilgrims’ physical safety, financial security, dignity, and the proper performance of religious rituals through mechanisms grounded in public law. Theoretically, this article contributes by advancing a novel interpretation of istiṭāʿah (capability) as a social construct conditioned and mediated by the state, and by proposing fiqh al-muʾassasāt (institutional fiqh) as an analytical framework for understanding the operationalization of Islamic legal norms within contemporary governance structures. This study enriches socio-political scholarship in Islamic studies by elucidating the dynamic relationship among religion, the state, and citizens in the governance of mass religious practices in contemporary Muslim societies.

[Kementerian Haji secara resmi dibentuk sebagai lembaga pemerintahan di Indonesia pada September 2025, yang memunculkan berbagai pertanyaan kritis dan perdebatan berkelanjutan di kalangan umat Islam di tanah air. Dengan bertumpu pada konsep governmentality (pemerintahan) dan kerangka maqāṣid al-sharīʿah (tujuan hukum Islam), penelitian ini mengkaji proses birokratisasi ibadah haji sebagaimana dirumuskan oleh negara dalam konteks tata kelola pemerintahan dan struktur kekuasaan modern. Proses institusionalisasi ini secara bersamaan memperkuat pengawasan administratif terhadap praktik-praktik keagamaan, sekaligus melahirkan ketegangan antara perlindungan normatif dan rasionalitas yang melekat dalam kekuasaan modern. Melalui analisis kualitatif sosio-politik, temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ibadah haji tidak lagi dapat dipahami semata-mata sebagai kewajiban keagamaan individual, melainkan sebagai proyek institusional yang dipimpin oleh negara dengan tujuan menjamin perlindungan jemaah dan mendorong kemaslahatan publik. Dalam konteks ini, Kementerian Haji berfungsi sebagai agen maqāṣid yang berperan menjaga keselamatan fisik, keamanan finansial, martabat, serta ketertiban pelaksanaan ritual keagamaan para jemaah melalui mekanisme kebijakan publik. Secara teoretis, artikel ini berkontribusi dengan mengajukan tafsir baru atas konsep istiṭāʿah (mampu) sebagai konstruksi sosial yang dikondisikan dan dimediasi oleh negara, serta dengan menawarkan fiqh al-muʾassasāt (fikih politik kelembagaan Islam) sebagai kerangka analitis untuk memahami operasionalisasi norma-norma hukum Islam dalam struktur tata kelola pemerintahan kontemporer. Studi ini memperkaya kajian sosio-politik dalam studi Islam dengan menjelaskan relasi dinamis antara agama, negara, dan warga negara dalam pengelolaan praktik-praktik keagamaan massal di masyarakat Muslim kontemporer.]

References

Abdelgafar, Basma I. Public Policy: Beyond Traditional Jurisprudence (A Maqāṣid Approach). London: IIIT, 2018.

Abdel–Jubouriy, Taher Yahya Mohamed, and Wael Abdel Karim Al-Hajj. “Methods of Hajj and Its Interest and Development through the Ages.” Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities 29, nos. 1, 3 (January 2022): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.29.1.3.2022.01.

Abdi, M. Rizal. “Indonesia’s New Ministry of Hajj: Public Service Innovation or Religious Favoritism?” ICRS: Indonesian Consortium for Religious Studies, Yogyakarta, September 29, 2025. https://www.icrs.or.id/news/indonesias-new-ministry-of-hajj-public-service-innovation-or-religious-favoritism.

Abdilbar, Muhammad Zaki. Taqnīn al-Fiqh al-Islāmī: Al-Mabda’ wa al-Manhaj wa al-Taṭbīq. Doha: Idarah Ihya’ Turath Islamiy, 1986.

Adan, Hasanuddin Yusuf, Iskandar Iskandar, Husaini Ibrahim, Sutri Helfianti, and Rosmawati Rosmawati. “Islam and the Foundation of the State in Indonesia: The Role of the Masyumi Party in the Constituent Assembly the Perspective of Fiqh al-Siyāsah.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam 7, no. 1 (March 2023): 377–98. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i1.16650.

Adnan, Mohammad, Badrah Uyuni, and Mahfuz Mahfuz. “Modern Applications of Fiqh in Hajj: Analyzing Islamic Legal Responses to Contemporary Issues.” Journal of Mujaddid Nusantara 1, no. 3 (September 2024): 138–57. https://doi.org/10.62568/jomn.v1i3.158.

Afriyanto, Dodi, Febrian Febrian, and Iza Rumesten. “The Quasi-Judicial Authority of Bawaslu in the Perspective of Das Sollen and Fiqh Siyasah.” Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari’ah dan Masyarakat 25, no. 2 (October 2025): 462–72. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v25i2.30257.

Ahmad, Norashikin, Mohd Shukri Hanapi, and Yusma Fariza Yasin. “Maqasid Shariah and Islamic Fintech Research: Trends, Topics and Collaborations.” Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun 13, no. 3 (September 2025): 2271–310. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v13i3.1829.

Alaska, Yasser A., Abdulaziz D. Aldawas, Nawfal A. Aljerian, Ziad A. Memish, and Selim Suner. “The Impact of Crowd Control Measures on the Occurrence of Stampedes during Mass Gatherings: The Hajj Experience.” Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 15 (January 2017): 67–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2016.09.002.

Al-Ghamdi, Nassir bin Muhammad Mashri. “Qāʿidah al-Taṣarruf ʿalā al-Raʿiyyah Manūṭ bi al-Maṣlaḥah (Dirāsah Taʾṣīliyyah Taṭbīqiyyah Fiqhiyyah).” Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Shari`ah and Islamic Studies 46, no. 1 (2009): 155–218.

Ali, Sitti Asiqah Usman, Muhammad Patri Arifin, Andi Mujahidil Ilman Sm, Muh Awaluddin A, and Andi Fadhil Andi Aderus. “From Text to Policy: Contextualizing the Maḥram Ḥadīth for Women Pilgrims within Indonesian Ḥajj Management.” El-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga 8, no. 2 (December 2025): 793–811. https://doi.org/10.22373/ujhk.v8i2.32214.

Aljawi, Muhammad Farid, and Zaenal Arifin Hoesein. “Harmonisation of Islamic Law and National Law in Implementasion of Hajj and Umrah in Indonesia.” Journal Evidence of Law 4, no. 3 (November 2025): 1255–60. https://doi.org/10.59066/jel.v4i3.1720.

Aljawi, Muhammad Farid, and Faisal Santiago. “Reconstructing the Governance of Hajj and Umrah Administration in Indonesia.” Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences 3, no. 3 (November 2025): 822–32. https://doi.org/10.38035/gijlss.v3i3.567.

Almakaty, Safran Safar. “Transformations of Hajj Throughout History: An Analytical Reading of Its Civilizational, Humanitarian, and Administrative Dimensions: A Comprehensive Qualitative Historical Analysis.” Preprint, Social Sciences, November 6, 2025. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202511.0323.v1.

Alshahrani, Najim Z., Abdullah M. Alarifi, Yasser Bakhsh, Zahir Mohamed Dafaa Alla, and Abdullah M. Assiri. “International Health Regulations (IHR) and the Success Story of Public Health Preparedness during Hajj in Saudi Arabia.” Mass Gathering Medicine 3 (September 2025): 100017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mgmed.2025.100017.

Al-Turabi, Uthman Mehdad, and Jasser Auda. “Toward a Maqāṣid-Based Legal Reform: Systemic Thinking for Social Transformation in the Modern Muslim World.” Indonesian Journal of Islamic Law 8, no. 2 (December 2025): 209–28. https://doi.org/10.35719/fhw10v84.

Anwar, Syed Mohammed. “Normative Structure of Human Rights in Islam.” Policy Perspectives 10, no. 1 (2013): 79–104.

Armila, Nizma, and Mega Satria Nurul Falah. “Negotiating Text and Context: The Hadith on the Prohibition of Women’s Travel Without a Maḥram in the Social and Legal Histories of Saudi Arabia and Indonesia.” Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan dan Kemasyarakatan 20, no. 1 (January 2026): 131. https://doi.org/10.35931/aq.v20i1.5883.

Asad, Muhammad. The Principles of State and Government in Islam. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1961.

ʿAṭiyyah, Jamāl al-Dīn. Naḥwa Tafʿīl Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah. Damascus: Dār al-Fikr, 2001.

Azni, Azni, Muhammad Hafis, Asril Amirul Zakariah, Adi Harmanto, Miftahuddin Miftahuddin, and M. Ihsan. “Pseudo-Maṣlaḥah and Epistemological Failure in Marriage Dispensation at Indonesian Religious Courts.” Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun 13, no. 2 (May 2025): 1399–420. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v13i2.2047.

Bianchi, Robert. Guests of God: Pilgrimage and Politics in the Islamic World. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

———. “Reimagining the Hajj.” Social Sciences 6, no. 2 (March 2017): 36. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci6020036.

Bianchi, Robert Richard. Islamic Globalization: Pilgrimage, Capitalism, Democracy, and Diplomacy. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 2013.

Budiyanti P, Lintang, and Resinta Sulistiyandari, trans. “Ministry Begins 2026 Hajj Planning with Thorough Evaluation.” Antara News, July 26, 2025. https://en.antaranews.com/news/368977/ministry-begins-2026-hajj-planning-with-thorough-evaluation.

Buitelaar, Maria Wilhelmina, and Richard Louis Anton van Leeuwen, eds. Narrating the Pilgrimage to Mecca: Historical and Contemporary Accounts. Leiden Studies in Islam and Society, Volume 16. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2023.

Buitelaar, Marjo. “The Hajj and the Anthropological Study of Pilgrimage.” In Hajj: Global Interactions through Pilgrimage, edited by Luitgard E. M. Mols and Marjo Buitelaar, 9–25. Mededelingen van Het Rijksmuseum Voor Volkenkunde, Leiden, no. 43. Leiden: Sidestone Press, 2015.

Campo, Juan Eduardo. “Authority, Ritual, and Spatial Order in Islam: The Pilgrimage to Mecca.” Journal of Ritual Studies 5, no. 1 (1991): 65–91.

Caniago, Sulastri, Firdaus, Zainal Azwar, Dian Pertiwi, and Dasrizal Marah Nainin. “Gender Integration in Islamic Politics: Fiqh Siyasah on Women’s Political Rights since Classical to Contemporary Interpretations.” MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review 3, no. 2 (December 2024): 411–31. https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v3i2.9962.

Chiffoleau, Sylvia. “Economics: Agents, Pilgrims, and Profits.” In The Hajj: Pilgrimage in Islam, edited by Eric Tagliacozzo and Shawkat M. Toorawa, 155–74. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2016.

Dewi, Subkhani Kusuma, and Muhammad Akmaluddin. “Broadcasting Umrah through the Hadith of Hajj Badal in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era.” Jurnal Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Hadis 24, no. 2 (July 2023): 231–52. https://doi.org/10.14421/qh.v24i2.4739.

Effendy, Moh Hafid, Erie Hariyanto, Maimun Maimun, Anas Ahmadi, and Agus Purnomo Ahmad Putikadyanto. “Cultural Traditions of Hajj and Umrah: A Comparative Study of Madurese Communities in Indonesia and Malaysia.” Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun 14, no. 1 (January 2026): 77–96. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v14i1.1870.

Ellithy, Amr Mohamed Hassan. “Structuring the Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca: The Role of Monarchs Revisited.” Dissertation, Middle East Technical University, 2024. https://www.proquest.com/openview/e61f3cacf14e700d2a4fa3f7a11fb782/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=2026366&diss=y.

Erkoç Baydar, Tuba. “Human Dignity from an Islamic Perspective: Concepts and Theoretical Base.” Mission Studies 41, no. 3 (December 2024): 348–60. https://doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341987.

Fakhria, Sheila, Kholifatun Nur Mustofa, Mohamad Ma’mun, Ahmad Wahidi, and Mochammad Agus Rachmatulloh. “Securing Muslim Children’s Civil Rights: Debate on State Legal Policy towards the Issuance of Family Cards for Unregistered Marriage Couples.” El-Mashlahah 14, no. 2 (December 2024): 303–22. https://doi.org/10.23971/el-mashlahah.v14i2.8008.

Foucault, Michel. Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972–1977. Edited by Colin Gordon. New York: Pantheon Books, 1980.

Ghatak, Saran, and Andrew Stuart Abel. “Power/Faith: Governmentality, Religion, and Post-Secular Societies.” International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society 26, no. 3 (September 2013): 217–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10767-013-9141-z.

Gomez-Perez, Muriel, Cédric Jourde, and Marie Brossier, eds. The Politics of the Hajj from a Comparative Perspective: States, Entrepreneurs, and Pilgrims. Palgrave Studies in Religion, Politics, and Policy. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2024.

Green, N. “The Hajj as Its Own Undoing: Infrastructure and Integration on the Muslim Journey to Mecca.” Past & Present 226, no. 1 (February 2015): 193–226. https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtu041.

Gul, Naseem, and Habib Bilal. “Rights and Duties: An Islamic Perspective.” International Journal of Humanities & Social Science Studies (IJHSSS) 11, no. 6 (November 2025): 91–103. https://doi.org/10.29032/ijhsss.vol.11.issue.06W.162.

Hallaq, Wael B. “Juristic Authority vs. State Power: The Legal Crises of Modern Islam.” Journal of Law and Religion 19, no. 2 (2003): 243–58. https://doi.org/10.2307/3649176.

Hamzani, Achmad Irwan, Siswanto Siswanto, and Havis Aravik. “Legal Protection for Hajj Pilgrims Through Regional Regulation.” Mazahib 17, no. 2 (December 2018): 61–88. https://doi.org/10.21093/mj.v17i2.1159.

Hanapi, Agustin, Sarina Aini, and Cut Endang Puspa Sari. “Bridging Fiqh and Positive Law: A New Paradigm for Child Legality and the Best Interest of the Child in Indonesia.” JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) 23, no. 2 (October 2024): 293–308. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v23i2.10712.

Hasmiyati, Hasmiyati, and Ummu Saad Ramadhani. “Public Policy Theory Analysis of the Distribution of Hajj Pilgrim Quotas in Indonesia.” Al-Bayyinah 8, no. 2 (December 2024): 260–75. https://doi.org/10.30863/al-bayyinah.v8i2.7302.

Hasyim, Syafiq, and Norshahril Saat. Indonesia’s Ministry of Religious Affairs under Joko Widodo. Singapore: ISEAS Publishing, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1355/9789814951241.

Hefner, Robert W., and Patricia Horvatich, eds. Islam in an Era of Nation-States: Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia. Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawai’i Press, 1997.

Hooker, M. B. Indonesian Syariah: Defining a National School of Islamic Law. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2008.

Huda, Qomarul, and Ilham Dwitama Haeba. “Hajj, Istita’ah, and Waiting List Regulation in Indonesia.” Al-’Adalah 18, no. 2 (December 2021): 193–212. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v18i2.9903.

Husen, Fathurrohman, and Mukhlishin Mukhlishin. “Balancing Faith and Fairness: A Maqāṣid al-Sharīʻah Perspective on Regulating Repeated Hajj in Indonesia.” Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum 9, no. 2 (December 2024): 171–94. https://doi.org/10.22515/alahkam.v9i2.10540.

Ibrahim, Naufal. “Hajj Administration Procedures at the Ministry of Religion in Indonesia.” Lead Journal of Economy and Administration 1, no. 1 (August 2022): 14–19. https://doi.org/10.56403/lejea.v1i1.34.

Ichwan, Moch Nur. “Governing Hajj: Politics of Islamic Pilgrimage Services in Indonesia Prior to Reformasi Era.” Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies 46, no. 1 (June 2008): 125–51. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2008.461.125-151.

“Indonesian Presidential Regulation No. 92 of 2025 on the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah.” September 8, 2025. http://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/331574/perpres-no-92-tahun-2025.

ʿItr, Nūr al-Dīn. Al-Ḥajj wa al-ʿUmrah fī al-Fiqh al-Islāmī. Bayrūt: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 1984.

Iqbal, Zafar, and Mervyn Lewis. An Islamic Perspective on Governance. New Horizons in Money and Finance. Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2009.

Jaenal Aripin. “Hajj Fund Investment: A Comparative Contemporary Fiqh Study on Maslahah and Public Policy Perspectives in Indonesia.” MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review 4, no. 1 (June 2025): 360–88. https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v4i1.10424.

Jakarta Globe. “Does Indonesia Need a Standalone Hajj Ministry?” With Celvin Sipahutar, Hendro Situmorang, Jayanty Nada Shofa, Juan Ardya Guardiola, Mita Amallia Hapsari, and Teguh Adi Prasetyo. June 19, 2024. https://jakartaglobe.id/news/does-indonesia-need-a-standalone-hajj-ministry.

Jourde, Cédric, Muriel Gomez-Perez, and Marie Brossier. “The Political Management of the Hajj in Contemporary Times: An Introduction.” In The Politics of the Hajj from a Comparative Perspective, edited by Muriel Gomez-Perez, Cédric Jourde, and Marie Brossier, 1–25. Palgrave Studies in Religion, Politics, and Policy. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65349-0_1.

Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. “Ethics and Finance: Perspectives of the Shari’ah and Its Higher Objectives (Maqasid).” ICR Journal 3, no. 4 (July 2012): 618–36. https://doi.org/10.52282/icr.v3i4.508.

———. Goals and Purposes of Shariah: Theory and Applications. New York: Oxford University Press, 2025.

Kennedy, Hugh, and Fanny Bessard, eds. Land and Trade in Early Islam: The Economy of the Islamic Middle East 750-1050 CE. New York: Oxford University Press, 2021.

King, Stephen M. “Religion, Spirituality, and the Workplace: Challenges for Public Administration.” Public Administration Review 67, no. 1 (January 2007): 103–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00700.x.

Künkler, Mirjam. “The Bureaucratization of Religion in Southeast Asia: Expanding or Restricting Religious Freedom?” Journal of Law and Religion 33, no. 2 (August 2018): 192–96. https://doi.org/10.1017/jlr.2018.38.

Lamido, Kabir Usman, Idris Sani Inuwa, Abduljabbar Aminu Mudi, Samba Traore, and Mohamad Hafiz Darpen. “The Maqasid Al-Shariah (Objectives of Islamic Law) of Hajj Rites in Light of Contemporary Challenges.” International Conference on Islamic Studies (ICIS), 2025, 1970–76. https://proceeding.uingusdur.ac.id/index.php/icis/article/view/3315.

Layish, Aharon. “Islamic Law in the Modern World: Nationalization, Islamization, Reinstatement.” Islamic Law and Society 21, no. 3 (June 2014): 276–307. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-00213p04.

Lindsey, Tim, and Simon Butt. “State Power to Restrict Religious Freedom: An Overview of the Legal Framework.” In Religion, Law, and Intolerance in Indonesia, edited by Tim Lindsey and Helen Pausacker. Routledge Law in Asia 15. London; New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.

Long, David E. The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Makkah Pilgrimage. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1979.

Lücking, Mirjam. “Management and Pilgrims’ Encounters with the State in Contemporary Indonesia (2013–2021).” In The Politics of the Hajj from a Comparative Perspective, edited by Muriel Gomez-Perez, Cédric Jourde, and Marie Brossier, 181–209. Palgrave Studies in Religion, Politics, and Policy. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65349-0_8.

Maram, Ahmad Nabilul, Imam Ghazali Said, and Titik Triwulan Tutik. “Fatwā on The Ruling of Hajj Without Taṣrīh; The Case of Indonesian Hajj Pilgrims in 2024.” AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial 19, no. 2 (December 2024): 413–43. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v19i2.15437.

Moten, Abdul Rashid. “Al-Siyasah al-Shar’iyah: Good Governance in Islam.” In Qur’anic Guidance for Good Governance, edited by Abdullah Al-Ahsan and Stephen B. Young, 55–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57873-6_4.

Muchimah, Asep Saepudin Jahar, Hamdani, and Ulfah Fajarini. “Legal Culture and the Dynamics of Religious Interaction in Ritual Practices among Interfaith Marriage.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 18, no. 2 (November 2024): 333–48. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v18i2.11659.

Muhammadiyah, Hilmi, and Siti Sara binti Haji Ahmad. “Social Mobility of The Bugis Female Hajj Pilgrims.” Al-Albab 13, no. 1 (July 2024): 3–18. https://doi.org/10.24260/alalbab.v13i1.2960.

Naʻīm, ʻAbd Allāh Aḥmad. Islam and the Secular State: Negotiating the Future of Shariʻa. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2008.

Nair, Shanti. “Political Ecologies of Religious Pilgrimage.” In The International Handbook of Political Ecology, edited by Raymond L. Bryant. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2015. https://doi.org/10.4337/9780857936172.00024.

Nasrullah, Nasrullah, Hadin Muhjad, Erlina Erlina, and Dadang Abdullah. “Reconstructing Mining Governance through Maqasid al-Sharia: Towards Natural Resource Management Public Welfare Oriented.” Syariah: Jurnal Hukum dan Pemikiran 25, no. 1 (August 2025): 97–112. https://doi.org/10.18592/sjhp.v25i1.18046.

Niu, Song, and Gamil Metwally. “Hajj and Its Impact on International Relations.” Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies (in Asia) 10, no. 4 (December 2016): 39–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2016.12023292.

Nur, Efa Rodiah, Liky Faizal, Abd Qohar, and Harapandi Dahri Syahrum. “Reinforcing the Role of the Gakkumdu Center in Electoral Law Enforcement: A Contemporary Analysis from the Perspective of Fiqh Siyasah Dusturiyah.” MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review 4, no. 2 (November 2025): 1281–96. https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v4i2.11108.

Osra, Faisal Abdulrhman, Jaber S. Alzahrani, Mohammad S. Alsoufi, Oumr Adnan Osra, and Agha Zeeshan Mirza. “Environmental and Economic Sustainability in the Hajj System.” Arabian Journal of Geosciences 14, no. 20 (October 2021): 2121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08533-x.

Padela, Aasim I. Maqasid al-Shariah and Biomedicine: Bridging Moral, Ethical, and Policy Discourses. Herndon, VA: International Institute of Islamic Thought, 2024.

Peters, F. E. The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1994.

Prihantoro, Hijrian Angga. “Islam and the Humanity of the State: From Fiqh of Politics to Fiqh of Citizenship.” Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam 20, no. 2 (December 2019): 364–87. https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v20i2.5673.

Prihantoro, Hijrian Angga, Noorhaidi Hasan, and Mohammad Yunus Masrukhin. “Islamic Law and the Politics of Nation-State: Debating Citizenship Fiqh through the al-Maskut ’Anhu Discourse.” Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 23, no. 2 (December 2023): 307–28. https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v23i2.28139.

Qadariyah, Lailatul, and Umar Faruq. “Legal and Human Rights Violations in the Hajj Quota Diversion Policy in Indonesia.” At-Tafkir 18, no. 1 (December 2025): 91–102. https://doi.org/10.32505/at.v18i1.12543.

Rachmad, Sri Hartini, Muchammadun, Lukmanul Hakim, Muhammad Basorudin, Risyanto Risyanto, and Nurbaety Setram. “Empowering the Disabled in Hajj Pilgrimage: A Sustainable Approach for SDGs Progress in Indonesia.” Journal of Disability & Religion 28, no. 3 (July 2024): 409–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/23312521.2024.2306374.

Rahman, M. Razi. “Why Indonesia Is Creating a Hajj and Umrah Ministry.” Antara News, August 28, 2025. https://en.antaranews.com/news/376313/why-indonesia-is-creating-a-hajj-and-umrah-ministry.

Ramlah and Cantik Tri Rahajeng. “Studi Analisis Konsep Maqāṣid al-Syarī’ah Jasser Auda dan Relevansinya dengan Hukum Islam Kontemporer.” Santara: Journal of Islamic Law and Humanity 1, no. 1 (June 2025): 25–37. https://doi.org/10.59373/santara.v1i1.128.

Rauf, Imam Feisal Abdul. “The Maqasid, Reform and Renewal.” In Defining Islamic Statehood, by Imam Feisal Abdul Rauf, 200–273. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137446824_10.

Rifqi, Muhammad Jazil, Nurul Asiya Nadhifah, Mukhammad Nur Hadi, Abdul Basith Junaidy, and Agus Solikin. “Children’s Legal Identity at Stake: Reconstructing Maqasid al-Syari’ah through Marriage Isbat Applications by the Second Generation in Pasuruan.” El-Mashlahah 15, no. 1 (June 2025): 125–48. https://doi.org/10.23971/el-mashlahah.v15i1.9068.

Ropi, Ismatu. Religion and Regulation in Indonesia. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2827-4.

Salim, Arskal, Azyumardi Azra, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Indonesia, and Indonesia, eds. Shari’a and Politics in Modern Indonesia. ISEAS Series on Islam. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2003.

Samarkandi, Osama, Fahad Alamri, Jumanah Alhazmi, Ghadah Alsaleh, Kwather Alsehdwei, Lames Alabdullatif, Waleed Alazmy, and Anas Khan. “Health Risk Behaviors and Associated Factors Among Hajj 2024 Pilgrims: A Multinational Cross-Sectional Study.” Risk Management and Healthcare Policy Volume 18 (July 2025): 2233–45. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S521097.

Samsudin, Abdul Aziz, Roqiyul Ma’arif Syam, M. Zidny Nafi Hasbi, and Anton Satria Prabuwono. “Hajj Funds Management Based on Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah; A Proposal for Indonesian Context.” AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial 18, no. 2 (December 2023): 544–67. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v18i2.7268.

Setiawan, Nanang. “Ponzi Schemes in the Hajj and Umrah Business: Causes, Methods, Consequences and Prevention.” Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 33, no. 5 (October 2025): 743–59. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRC-01-2025-0023.

Setiawan, Nanang, and Noorlailie Soewarno. “Protection of Hajj and Umrah Pilgrims from Fraud: Evidence from Indonesia.” Share: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam 13, no. 1 (February 2024): 276–98. https://doi.org/10.22373/share.v13i1.22865.

Siddiq, Achmad, Muhammad Ufuqul Mubin, Ismatul Maula, Ahmad Rezy Meidina, and Mohammad Irsyad. “Restrictions on Hajj Pilgrimage for Indonesian Congregation from the Perspective of Sadd al-Dzari’ah.” Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi 7, no. 1 (June 2024): 35–51. https://doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v7i1.9701.

Subandi, Didi, and Yon Machmudi. “The Role of the Governments of Indonesia and Saudi Arabia in Organizing the Hajj Pilgrimage 2015 – 2021.” Journal of Strategic and Global Studies 5, no. 1 (January 2022). https://doi.org/10.7454/jsgs.v5i1.1106.

Suryana, A’an. “Challenges Await Indonesia’s New Ministry of Hajj and Umrah.” ISEAS Perspective (Singapore), no. 5 (January 2026): 1–9.

Tagliacozzo, Eric, and Shawkat M. Toorawa, eds. The Hajj: Pilgrimage in Islam. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2016.

Taha, Shadia. “Sacred Journeys.” Journeys 20, no. 1 (August 2019): 7–30. https://doi.org/10.3167/jys.2019.200102.

Taibah, Hassan, and Sudha Arlikatti. “An Examination of Evolving Crowd Management Strategies at Pilgrimage Sites: A Case Study of ‘Hajj’ in Saudi Arabia.” International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 33, no. 2 (August 2015): 188–212. https://doi.org/10.1177/028072701503300203.

Taufiq, Muhammad, Jihan Amalia Syahidah, Muhammad Fauzinudin Faiz, and Erie Hariyanto. “Tengka, Identity Politics, and the Fiqh of Civilization: The Authority of Madura’s Kiai in the Post-Truth Era.” Ijtihad: Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan 24, no. 1 (July 2024): 139–65. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v24i1.139-165.

Taufiq, Muhammad, Muhammad Fauzinudin Faiz, and Ziyad Ravaşdeh. “Between Sharia and State: Fatwa Authority and Pandemic Responses in Indonesia, Turkey, and Morocco.” De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syar’iah 17, no. 1 (June 2025): 377–94. https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v17i1.31433.

Turner, Bryan S. The Religious and the Political: A Comparative Sociology of Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.

Umairoh, Putri, Nur Hakimah, Royan Utsany, and Asyharul Muala. “Brokered Marriage Administration: Rational Strategies of Muslim Communities in Navigating the Bureaucratization of Marriage in Indonesia.” Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Socio-Legal Studies 1, no. 2 (2025): 193–212. https://doi.org/10.24260/ijssls.1.2.132.

Wahyudi, Bambang, Nabilah binti Yusof, Rahmatul Fadhil, Dody Sulistio, and Achmad Yani. “Ecological Justice in Islamic Family Law: Integrating Maqasid al-Shari’ah with Environmental Ethics in Post-Pandemic Societies.” Islamic Law and Social Issues in Society 1, no. 2 (October 2025): 160–84. https://doi.org/10.64929/ilsiis.v1i2.24.

Zakiruddin, Muhammad Aziz, Kamsi Kamsi, and Ahmad Bahiej. “Siyasah Syar’iyah Paradigm of Hajj Financial Management Regulation in Indonesia.” Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam 7, no. 2 (December 2022): 547. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v7i2.5310.

Zuḥaylī, Wahbah. Al-Fiqh al-Islāmī wa Adillatuh. Damascus: Dār al-Fikr, 1985.

Downloads

Published

2026-02-26

How to Cite

“Fiqh Al-Muʾassasāt in Contemporary Muslim Society: A Socio-Political Analysis of the Establishment of Indonesia’s Ministry of Hajj”. 2026. Journal of Islamic Law 7 (1): 84-112. https://doi.org/10.24260/jil.v7i1.5947.