Fiqh Conception of the Jamā’ah Tablīgh’s Da'wah during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study of the Da'wah Movement of the Jamā’ah Tablīgh in Gorontalo

Konsepsi Fikih Dakwah Jamā’ah Tablīgh pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Telaah Gerakan Dakwah Jamā’ah Tablīgh Gorontalo

Abstract

This study aims to uncover the conception of jurisprudence used by the Tablighi Jama’at understanding the activities of da’wah and worship during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease pandemic. This is considered important because 68% of the positive case of the coronavirus in Gorontalo has close links with the activities of the Tablighi Jama’at during the pandemic season. This type of research uses qualitative research with the main approach in terms of phenomenology. Through a phenomenological approach, there are two main things that researchers will do. First, textual description, which is observing and analyzing factual data and events that occur empirically. Second, structural description. At this stage, the researcher interprets the opinions, judgments, feelings, and other subjective responses of the research subjects. As for the data that are argumentative, religion is reviewed with the fiqh and ushul fiqh approaches. The results of this study indicate that the conception of the Jamā’ah Tablīgh dakwah carried out during the pandemic was purely Ijtihādi several figures (amīr) based on the literal use of the Qur’an and Sunnah without much considering the aspects of mashlahah and social mudharat. If it is analyzed based on the method of determining the fiqh law in qiyās and sādd al-dzarī’ah implementing Ijtimā Da’wah Jamā’ah Tablīgh among a pandemic is not in line with the principles of the syarī’ah (maqāshid al-syarī’ah) that is to protect the human soul (hifdzu al-Nafs) and not in line with the prevailing conception of jurisprudence.