Articles

Social Justice Fiqh and Decent Living Needs: Reinterpreting Minimum Wage Policy in Indonesia

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Published: 2026-08-25 Pages: 361-398 DOI10.24260/jil.v7i2.6742

Abstract

Minimum-wage determination remains a contested issue situated at the nexus of legal compliance, economic feasibility, and workers’ rights to an adequate standard of living. This study offers a socio-legal reinterpretation of minimum-wage policy in Sukoharjo, Indonesia, focusing on how decent living needs (kebutuhan hidup layak) are operationalized within wage regulation and institutional decision-making processes. The findings indicate a persistent disparity between the normative commitment to ensuring a decent living and the substantive outcomes of wage-setting practices. This disparity is exacerbated by asymmetrical bargaining power within the Wage Council, where considerations related to business capacity, employment stability, and the risk of layoffs tend to outweigh workers’ demands for adequate wages. Although empirical data on food and non-food expenditures provide a foundation for assessing decent living needs, their incorporation into the final wage is mediated by the α parameter alongside broader economic factors such as inflation, unemployment, productivity, and regional business capacity. Within this context, the study advances social justice fiqh (fiqh al-ʿadālah al-ijtimāʿiyyah) as a critical framework within Islamic legal thought, grounded in principles of human dignity, collective social responsibility, protection of vulnerable groups, and public welfare. This research contributes to contemporary Islamic socio-legal and labor governance scholarship by reframing minimum-wage adequacy beyond mere formal regulatory compliance, emphasizing substantive justice, worker dignity, and equitable social welfare.

[Penetapan upah minimum masih menjadi isu yang diperdebatkan karena berada pada persinggungan antara kepatuhan hukum, kelayakan ekonomi, dan hak pekerja atas standar hidup yang layak. Penelitian ini menawarkan reinterpretasi sosio-legal terhadap kebijakan upah minimum di Sukoharjo, Indonesia, dengan menelisik bagaimana kebutuhan hidup layak dioperasionalisasikan dalam regulasi pengupahan dan proses pengambilan keputusan kelembagaan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan yang persisten antara komitmen normatif untuk menjamin kehidupan yang layak dan hasil substantif dari praktik kebijakan penetapan upah. Kesenjangan tersebut menjadi jauh lebih kompleks karena terjadi ketimpangan daya tawar dalam proses determinasi yang diiniasi oleh Dewan Pengupahan, di mana pertimbangan mengenai kapasitas usaha, stabilitas ketenagakerjaan, dan risiko pemutusan hubungan kerja cenderung lebih dominan dibandingkan tuntutan pekerja atas upah yang memadai. Meskipun data empiris mengenai pengeluaran pangan dan non pangan menjadi dasar dalam penilaian kebutuhan hidup layak, proses integrasi ke dalam besaran upah akhir dimediasi oleh parameter α serta berbagai faktor ekonomi yang lebih luas, seperti inflasi, pengangguran, produktivitas, dan kapasitas usaha regional. Dalam konteks tersebut, penelitian ini mengembangkan wacana fikih keadilan sosial (fiqh al-ʿadālah al-ijtimāʿiyyah) sebagai kerangka analitis kritis dalam pemikiran hukum Islam yang berlandaskan pada prinsip martabat manusia, tanggung jawab sosial kolektif, perlindungan kelompok rentan, dan kemaslahatan publik. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada perkembangan studi Islam melalui pengayaan dimensi sosio-legal dan tata kelola ketenagakerjaan kontemporer, melampaui dari sekadar kepatuhan formal terhadap regulasi dalam kecukupan upah minimum menuju penguatan keadilan substantif, martabat pekerja, dan kesejahteraan sosial yang berkelanjutan.]

Keywords

Decent Living Needs Indonesia Labor Governance Minimum Wage Policy Social Justice Fiqh

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Issue: Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Islamic Law

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Copyright (c) 2026 Abdul Kadir Jaelani, Dostonjon Murodullayev, Nabila Khanan Mulachela, Andi Tri Haryono, Sarjiyanto

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How to Cite

“Social Justice Fiqh and Decent Living Needs: Reinterpreting Minimum Wage Policy in Indonesia”. 2026. Journal of Islamic Law 7 (2): 361-98. https://doi.org/10.24260/jil.v7i2.6742.