The Concept of Learning Ethos in the Book Bidayatul Hidayah: Al Ghazali's Epistemological Perspective and Its Relevance to Character Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24260/at-turats.v20i1.5463Keywords:
Learning Ethos, Epistemology, The Book of Bidayatul Hidayah, Imam Al GhazaliAbstract
The rampant phenomenon of moral decadence in the current dynamics of national education shows a gap in the application of the principles of learning ethos. To respond to this phenomenon, the government has launched a Character Education Strengthening (PPK) policy in the national education system. This study aims to examine in depth the epistemological direction of the concept of learning ethos in Bidayatul Hidayah by Imam Al-Ghazali, as well as to provide academic legitimacy to the PPK policy as a strategic effort in dealing with moral decadence. The research method used is library research with content analysis techniques. The results show that the epistemology of learning ethos in Bidayatul Hidayah includes: sincere intentions as reflected in the introduction; self-awareness as seen in the discussion of obedience; good manners and ethics as explained in the subchapter on ethics in relating to Allah SWT and fellow creatures; and the aspect of responsibility as shown in the subchapter on leadership (Imam). These learning ethos values, such as sincere intentions, self-awareness, good manners and ethics, and responsibility, are highly relevant and urgently needed as an epistemological foundation for overcoming the rampant phenomenon of moral decadence in the current era of disruption.
Maraknya fenomena dekadensi moral dalam dinamika pendidikan nasional saat ini menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan dalam penerapan prinsip etos belajar. Untuk merespons fenomena tersebut, pemerintah telah mencanangkan kebijakan Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter (PPK) dalam sistem pendidikan nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah secara mendalam arah epistemologi konsep etos belajar dalam Bidayatul Hidayah karya Imam Al-Ghazali, sekaligus memberikan legitimasi akademis terhadap kebijakan PPK sebagai upaya strategis dalam menghadapi dekadensi moral. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa epistemologi etos belajar dalam Bidayatul Hidayah mencakup: niat yang tulus sebagaimana tercermin dalam bagian muqadimah; sikap mawas diri yang tampak dalam pembahasan tentang ketaatan; adab dan etika yang baik sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam subbab etika bergaul dengan Allah SWT dan sesama makhluk; serta aspek tanggung jawab yang ditunjukkan dalam subbab tentang kepemimpinan (Imam). Nilai-nilai etos belajar tersebut, seperti: niat yang tulus, sikap mawas diri, adab dan etika yang baik, serta tanggung jawab, sangat relevan dan memiliki urgensi penting untuk dijadikan sebagai landasan epistemologi dalam mengatasi maraknya fenomena dekadensi moral di era disrupsi saat ini.
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